The strategic research is carried out from the interrelation of the components of the science and technology of coal instruments, the common problems and the overall situation of China's national economy, scientific research, national defense construction and social development. It is suggested that the scientific and technological research direction of the discipline is: new sensors and information acquisition technology; Process control system, measurement and control equipment and system integration technology that are compatible with national key projects; Measurement and control technology and instrumentation in precision manufacturing; Micro-analytical instruments and their key technologies; Digital medical instruments and their key technologies; Measurement standard system based on quantum physics.
1. New sensors, information acquisition and sensing technologies
2. Sensing technology is not only the basis of detection, it is also the basis of control. This is not only because control must be based on detecting input information; Moreover, it is necessary to perceive the accuracy and state achieved by the hesitating control, otherwise the control without clear control effect is still blind.
Information acquisition and sensing technology are the basic technologies of instrument science and technology. New sensors are the basis of developing high - level measurement and control instruments. Sensor technology has become the bottleneck restricting the development of measurement and control instruments.
New sensors and information acquisition, sensing technology is mainly the detection of useful information in the objective world, it includes useful measurement sensitive technology, involving the working principle of various disciplines, remote sensing, new materials and other technologies, information fusion technology; Sensor manufacturing technology, etc. Information fusion technology design sensor distribution, weak signal extraction (enhancement), sensor information fusion, imaging and other technologies, sensor manufacturing technology involves microprocessing, biochip, new technology and other technologies.
3. Process control system, measurement and control equipment and system integration technology that are compatible with national key projects
The varieties of high-tech instruments and meters in industrial developed countries account for about 75% of the total varieties, while the domestic products are less than 20%. Industrial automation instrument and control system instrument varieties meet the domestic rate, general engineering projects up to 80%, large engineering projects is less than 50%, the main lack of intelligent and high precision, high reliability, large range, corrosion resistance, full sealing, explosion-proof and other special requirements of automation instrument varieties.
The process control system and measurement and control equipment matching with the national key projects should be intelligent and high precision, high reliability, large range, corrosion resistance, full sealing, explosion-proof and other special requirements of the automatic instrument varieties. Including to meet the requirements of the various sensors and instrumentation, real-time process analysis instruments and online analysis technology, the new scene control system, e net control system, based on industrial control computer, programmable control of open control system and advanced control technology, special measurement equipment and measurement and control technology, system of complete integration technology, etc.
System integration technology has a direct impact on the breadth and level of application of measurement and control instruments, especially on the degree of automation and benefit of large projects, large systems and large devices. It is the information fusion control technology at the system level, which does not include the demand analysis and modeling technology of the system, the physical layer device technology, the information and communication conversion technology of each part of the system, the real-time technology of application layer control strategy, etc. In the case of operators for a variety of different positions of the operating group, should also include the closest to the best way to monitor intelligent tools, equipment, systems to achieve the established goals of the technology, is directly related to the measurement and control system benefits of the technology, from information technology to the key to the development of knowledge economy technology. Intelligent control technology can be said to be the most important and key software resources in the measurement and control system.
From the current development trend, in the enterprise information-based ERS/MES/PCS three-level computer measurement and control system, the price of software has exceeded the hardware 3 times. And the price of the advanced control software of the automation measurement and control system in the petrochemical, metallurgy, electric power and pharmaceutical industries exceeds the price of the system hardware. Intelligent control technology includes humanoid feature extraction technology, automatic target identification technology, self-learning technology of knowledge, adaptive technology of environment, optimal decision technology, etc.
4. Among the scientific analysis instruments are coal quality analysis instruments and their key technologies
5. Analytical instruments are the most important and fastest developing part of scientific instruments, and the contents of trace detection, miniaturization, high sensitivity, high resolution and high intelligence of analytical instruments represent an important development trend and technical level of analytical instruments. In life science, food safety, environmental protection, public safety (including anti-terrorism, anti-drug), clinical medicine, medical science and chemical industry and other fields have been more and more applications. The research directions of microanalyzer and its key technologies include:
(1) Research on the technology of combining different types of analytical instruments. When the content and structure analysis of trace and trace substances in complex matrix put forward extremely high requirements for the resolution of the analysis object, and the single separation technology or even mass spectrometry separation technology can no longer separate the useful information needed from the complex information, It is necessary to analyze the composition, structure, morphology and even the integrated morphology of a substance through a combination of related analytical instruments of different classes in order to obtain information about atoms and molecules at the same time.
(2) Research on the coal quality analysis instruments used for process analysis and online analysis and their key technologies.
(3) To carry out research on the miniaturization of analytical instruments and related micro-root technology, focusing on the research on the common technology and new technology used in micro-analytical instruments, such as microfluidic technology, micro-processing technology, micro-detection technology, micro-light source, all-electronic spectroscopic system, micro-spectrometer, new chip and so on.
(4) To carry out the research on the microstructural sensors with high sensitivity, high resolution and high performance, and apply the biochip technology, new chemical sensor technology and multi-component (multi-parameter) integrated sensor technology to the research and development of analytical instruments.
